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Analyze data to determine if a design solution works as intended to change the speed or direction of an object with a push or a pull.*

Ask questions to obtain information about the purpose of weather forecasting to prepare for, and respond to, severe weather.*

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another.*

Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost.

Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.*

Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.

Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy.*

Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.